Aktuelle Publikationen

Auf dieser Seite finden Sie die chronologisch geordneten Veröffentlichungen unserer Wissenschaftler*innen aus den vergangenen Jahren.

Aktuelle Publikationen (Politik- und Verwaltungswissenschaft)

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  • (2021): Agile : A New Way of Governing Public Administration Review. Wiley. 2021, 81(1), pp. 161-165. ISSN 0033-3352. eISSN 1540-6210. Available under: doi: 10.1111/puar.13202

    Agile : A New Way of Governing

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    The evolving concept of “agile” has fundamentally changed core aspects of software design, project management, and business operations. The agile approach could also reshape government, public management, and governance in general. In this Viewpoint essay, the authors introduce the modern agile movement, reflect on how it can benefit public administrators, and describe several challenges that managers will face when they are expected to make their organizations more flexible and responsive.

  • Die öffentliche Wahrnehmung des Krisenmanagements in der Covid-19 Pandemie : Vergleichende Landkreisbefragung in 27 Kreisen

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    Das Forschungsprojekt HybOrg beschäftigt sich damit, wie deutsche Verwaltungsinstitutionen auf und unterhalb der Landkreisebene Krisenmanagement betreiben und dabei zum Aufbau von brückenbildendem Sozialkapital beitragen können. In diesem Report wird das Vorgehen zu einer Online-Befragung auf Landkreisebene erläutert. Die Befragung bezieht sich auf die sogenannte Flüchtlingskrise 2015/16 und den Beginn der Covid-19 Pandemie und wurde in 27 deutschen Kreisen erhoben.

  • (2021): Moralising Markets, Marketizing Morality : The Fair Trade Movement, Product Labeling and the Emergence of Ethical Consumerism in Europe Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. 2021, 33(2), pp. 168-192. ISSN 1049-5142. eISSN 1540-6997. Available under: doi: 10.1080/10495142.2020.1865235

    Moralising Markets, Marketizing Morality : The Fair Trade Movement, Product Labeling and the Emergence of Ethical Consumerism in Europe

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    In this paper, I argue that the historical change in the organizational logic of the Fair Trade movement, embodied by Fair Trade labeling, has had an important effect on the emergence of ethical consumption in Europe. By establishing Fair Trade labels, the initial movement logic of political influence through education was supplemented and partly abandoned in favor of a market logic. Fair Trade movements in Western Europe differ in the way they organize and market fair traded goods. Drawing on organizational institutionalism and social movement theories of economic opportunity structures, it is elaborated how the emergence of a new organizational form and its underlying logic shape consumption patterns. Hypotheses are empirically tested using a quantitative multilevel design. Organizational data on national Fair Trade movements compiled from an organizational survey of the European Fair Trade Association are combined with individual-level survey data of the 1997 Eurobarometer for 12 European countries. Logistic hierarchical regression models reveal the crucial importance of the Fair Trade labels once diffused into consumer markets, controlling for organizational communication efforts as well as the number of distribution channels for individual Fair Trade consumption. Thus, adopting a market logic has been a powerful force in rendering Fair Trade successful.

  • Hörisch, Felix; Wurster, Stefan (Hrsg.) (2021): Die Bildungspolitik der grün-schwarzen Landesregierung in Baden-Württemberg 2016–2021 HÖRISCH, Felix, ed., Stefan WURSTER, ed.. Kiwi im Südwesten : Eine Bilanz der zweiten Regierung Kretschmann 2016-2021. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2021, pp. 203-233. ISBN 978-3-658-34990-5. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-658-34991-2_9

    Die Bildungspolitik der grün-schwarzen Landesregierung in Baden-Württemberg 2016–2021

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    Bildung ist laut Grundgesetz Ländersache – in kaum einem anderen Politikfeld können die Länder ähnlich viel gestalten. Bildungspolitik ist damit ein zentrales – wenn nicht das zentralste – Thema von Landespolitik. Dieses Kapitel analysiert die Bildungspolitik der grün-schwarzen Regierung in Baden-Württemberg (2016–2021). Im ersten Teil vergleichen wir die Wahlkampfversprechen von Grünen, CDU und SPD und analysieren, welche Partei sich im Koalitionsvertrag durchgesetzt hat. Im zweiten Teil untersuchen wir, welche Reformvorhaben die Regierung umsetzen konnte und wie sich die politischen Prozesse gestalteten. Im letzten Teil diskutieren wir diese Ergebnisse. Aus politikwissenschaftlicher Perspektive interessiert uns vor allem, ob die Bildungspolitik der grün-schwarzen Regierung eher von Kontinuität zu ihren Vorgängerregierungen geprägt ist oder ob sie neue Akzente setzen wollte und konnte.

  • (2021): Insider–outsider representation and social democratic labor market policy Socio-Economic Review. Oxford University Press. 2021, 19(3), pp. 1065-1094. ISSN 1475-1461. eISSN 1475-147X. Available under: doi: 10.1093/ser/mwz040

    Insider–outsider representation and social democratic labor market policy

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    Postindustrialization and occupational change considerably complicate partisan politics of the welfare state. This article asks about the determinants of contemporary social democratic labor market policy. We argue that the composition of their support base is a critical constraint and empirically demonstrate that the actual electoral clout of different voter segments decisively affects policy outcomes under left government. We calculate the electoral relevance of two crucial subgroups of the social democratic coalition, labor market insiders and outsiders, in 19 European democracies and combine these indicators with original data capturing the specific content of labor market reforms. The analysis reveals considerable levels of responsiveness and demonstrates that relative electoral relevance is consistently related to policy outcomes. Social democratic governments with a stronger support base among the atypically employed push labor market reforms on their behalf—and vice versa. Our findings have important implications for our understanding of policy-making in postindustrial societies.

  • (2021): Post-conflict democratisation in Sierra Leone : the role of the parliament The Journal of Legislative Studies. Routledge. 2021, 27(1), pp. 112-135. ISSN 1357-2334. eISSN 1743-9337. Available under: doi: 10.1080/13572334.2020.1809806

    Post-conflict democratisation in Sierra Leone : the role of the parliament

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    Rebuilding political legitimacy after civil war and state collapse is a challenging task. This paper looks at the role of the Parliament of Sierra Leone in this process. The analysis is concerned with two key areas: descriptive representation of the electorate to build inclusive politics, and elite reconciliation as a means of making democracy the only game in town. Based on data from a survey among Members of Parliament (MPs) and additional qualitative interviews, it will be shown that political representatives are predominantly male, elderly, and highly educated. Using Social Network Analysis, the paper will demonstrate that social similarities, family networks, and networks formed in educational institutions provide the social glue that form Sierra Leone's MPs into an interconnected national elite cutting across party alignments and ethnic origins. While elite integration is positive for democratization, the underrepresentation of women, youth, and the poor presents future challenges to political inclusion.

  • Emotions : Facial Expressions as a Measurement & Effects on Political Attitude

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    Emotions guide human behavior in all facets of life. In politics, emotions impact for example attitudes towards policy issues or how one makes a voting decision. In this dissertation, I advance our knowledge on emotions in political science by studying a new measurement technique of emotions and I investigate further how emotions impact attitudes towards candidates.

    In the first study (Chapter 2), Tim Höfling and I show that off-the-shelf facial expression recognition systems produce valid measurements of emotional expressions in controlled laboratory settings for clear and prototypical emotional expressions. However, we further find significant performance problems on data that is more `messy', characterized by varying camera angles, imperfect lighting and more variability in facial expressions.

    In the second study (Chapter 3), I explore in a lab experiment whether emotional political speeches trigger emotions in the audience via emotion contagion and whether these emotions impact populist or extremist attitudes. I find no indication of emotion contagion from the speeches and thus no systematic differences in emotions between the treatment groups. At the same time, observational analyses show that angrier subjects report more populist attitudes and take less time to express them. These findings yield support for Affective Intelligence Theory and the hypothesis that anger is the driving emotion behind more populist and extremist attitudes.

    In study three (Chapter 4), I investigate further the effects of emotions elicited in political speeches on candidate evaluations. Such effects were also observed in Chapter 3 and other studies. I show that the effect of an emotion experienced by a person on candidate evaluation of a politician varies with prior political attitude of the person towards the politician. This calls earlier research into question, which (implicitly) assumes a constant effect of an experienced emotion on candidate evaluation. Furthermore, I show that the Appropriateness Heuristic provides a valuable extension to Affective Intelligence Theory to account for varying effects of emotions between politicians.

    In sum, I make two contributions to science with this dissertation. First, my work shows that caution is appropriate when applying off-the-shelf facial expression recognition tools as measurement strategy in the social sciences and other behavioral research areas, especially in less controlled environments. Second, I confirm that emotions towards a politician impact the evaluation of said politician. Additionally, I show that this effect varies with prior attitude towards the politician. Similarities and deviances of results shown in this dissertation with other research highlight the importance of studying effects of emotions in politics in different cultural and political circumstances.

  • Die „Querdenker“. Wer nimmt an Corona-Protesten teil und warum? : Ergebnisse einer Befragung während der „Corona- Proteste“ am 4.10.2020 in Konstanz

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    dc.contributor.author: Koos, Sebastian

  • (2021): Distance matters! : The role of employees' age distance on the effects of workforce age heterogeneity on firm performance Human Resource Management. Wiley. 2021, 60(4), pp. 499-516. ISSN 0090-4848. eISSN 1099-050X. Available under: doi: 10.1002/hrm.22031

    Distance matters! : The role of employees' age distance on the effects of workforce age heterogeneity on firm performance

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    Age heterogeneity in Western workforces is increasing, generating potential informational benefits as well as harmful age‐based social categorizations. When can firms benefit from age heterogeneity? Building on the categorization‐elaboration model, we propose the average age distance between employees as a fundamental contingency. Using a longitudinal archival sample of 3,336 Belgian firms (2012–2015), we find that firms with a high level of age heterogeneity are less productive when employees' average distance is great (Study 1). Through an online experiment with 260 US participants, we show that employees in age‐heterogeneous workforces are less willing to engage in inter‐age cooperative contact and knowledge exchange under a great level of average age distance (Study 2). Our findings support that great distances foster age‐based social categorizations that undermine the productive information elaborations between employees of different ages. This broadens our knowledge on the implications of workforce age diversity and helps organizations understand when they can(not) reap the productivity benefits of their age‐diverse workforce. Moreover, this study's theory and implications are relevant to other types of diversity for which both heterogeneity and distance are meaningful constructs. We also discuss the practical implications of this study.

  • (2021): Makers against takers : the socio-economic ideology and policy of the Austrian Freedom Party West European Politics. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. 2021, 44(3), pp. 635-660. ISSN 0140-2382. eISSN 1743-9655. Available under: doi: 10.1080/01402382.2020.1720400

    Makers against takers : the socio-economic ideology and policy of the Austrian Freedom Party

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    Recent studies hold that populist radical right parties have shifted towards a leftist socio-economic position in response to growing working-class support. Based on an analysis of policy choices in government, the present article examines this ‘pro-welfare view’ through a case study analysis of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ). Yet, despite the ‘proletarisation’ of its electoral support base, the FPÖ’s pro-welfare impact is restricted to the mitigation of welfare retrenchment for the core workforce, whereas the party has been a protagonist of tax cuts, trade union disempowerment and, more recently, welfare chauvinism. This policy impact can be attributed to a producerist ideology arguing that tax-paying ‘makers’ (employees, employers) need to be liberated from the economic burden imposed by self-serving ‘takers’ (immigrants, ‘corrupt elite’). The article concludes with conceptual and theoretical implications for the political economy of the populist radical right.

  • Böller, Florian; Werner, Welf (Hrsg.) (2021): Dual Hegemony: Brazil Between the United States and China BÖLLER, Florian, ed., Welf WERNER, ed.. Hegemonic Transition: global economic and security orders in the age of Trump. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, pp. 233-255. Palgrave Studies in International Relations. ISBN 978-3-030-74504-2. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-74505-9_12

    Dual Hegemony: Brazil Between the United States and China

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    Although Brazil remains a relatively small state in the Western Hemisphere it has recently developed notable international ambitions, and even challenged the US-led international order in key aspects. In this chapter, we develop the concept of dual hegemony to understand this puzzle. We propose that states firmly under the umbrella of a hegemon and insufficiently powerful to challenge a hierarchical order can develop a pretense to autonomy when true challengers like China create an alternative hierarchy. These dual hegemonies produce contradictory policies that subaltern governments have incentives to portray as a manifestation of their own agency, when in reality the bi-directional pull is largely beyond their control. These boundaries of autonomy and agency become manifest in key episodes when the subaltern state clearly tries to align fully either with hegemon or challenger, and finds it impossible to do. We illustrate this by account to three decades of Brazilian foreign policy. While the divergence from Washington during the Cardoso and Lula eras has been usually depicted as a successful quest for autonomy, we show the rise of China was the real structural condition undergirding those policies and an equally plausible explanation for five key foreign policy episodes. We then turn to another five diplomatic crises during the more recent Temer and Bolsonaro governments to show that even when Brazil wanted to bandwagon with the US, the global power transition continued to constrain its foreign policy. Dual hegemonies might be a necessary consequence of hegemonic transitions.

  • Baron, Stefan; Dick, Peer-Michael; Zitzelsberger, Roman (Hrsg.) (2021): Stärkung der Digitalkompetenzen von Beschäftigten BARON, Stefan, ed., Peer-Michael DICK, ed., Roman ZITZELSBERGER, ed.. weiterbilden#weiterdenken : Strukturwandel in der Metall- und Elektroindustrie durch berufliche Weiterbildung gestalten. Bielefeld: wbv, 2021, pp. 143-159. ISBN 978-3-7639-6613-4. Available under: doi: 10.3278/6004843w

    Stärkung der Digitalkompetenzen von Beschäftigten

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    Der Beitrag zeigt auf, warum Beschäftigte über digitale Grundkompetenzen (Digital Fluency) verfügen müssen, um die Chancen der zunehmenden Digitalisierung erfolgreich zu nutzen. Eine Person mit einem hohen Grad an digitalen Grundkompetenzen ist souverän im Umgang mit digitalen Technologien. Sie wendet diese mühelos an und versteht darüber hinaus, wann und warum die Benutzung sinnvoll und angemessen ist. Auf der Grundlage aktueller Forschungsergebnisse wird beschrieben, welche Maßnahmen Unternehmen und Betriebsräte ergreifen können, um die digitalen Grundkompetenzen aller Beschäftigungsgruppen zu stärken und vor welchen Herausforderungen sie hierbei stehen. Es wird deutlich, dass neben dem Vorhandensein digitaler Weiterbildungsangebote und einer spezifischen Unternehmenskultur die direkten Führungskräfte eine zentrale Funktion einnehmen.

  • (2021): Staff recruitment and geographical representation in international organizations International Review of Administrative Sciences. Sage. 2021, 87(4), pp. 701-717. ISSN 0020-8523. eISSN 1461-7226. Available under: doi: 10.1177/00208523211031379

    Staff recruitment and geographical representation in international organizations

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    What explains geographical representation in the professional staff of intergovernmental organizations (IOs)? We address this question from an organizational perspective by considering IO recruitment processes. In the United Nations (UN) system, recruitment processes are designed to ensure bureaucratic merit, with experience and education being the relevant merit criteria. We develop and test a supply-side theory, postulating that differences in countries’ supply of well-educated and highly experienced candidates can explain geographical representation. Drawing on staff data from 34 IOs and supply data from 174 member states, and controlling for endogeneity and alternative explanations, we find no such relationship for education. However, countries with a high supply of candidates with relevant working and regional experiences have significantly higher representation values. These findings offer a complementary narrative as to why some countries are more strongly represented in the international professional staff than others. Findings also unveil the nature of bureaucratic merit in the UN, which seems to emphasize local knowledge and working experience over formal (Western) education.

  • (2021): How do international bureaucrats affect policy outputs? : Studying administrative influence strategies in international organizations International Review of Administrative Sciences. Sage Publications. 2021, 87(4), pp. 737-754. ISSN 0020-8523. eISSN 1461-7226. Available under: doi: 10.1177/00208523211000109

    How do international bureaucrats affect policy outputs? : Studying administrative influence strategies in international organizations

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    The article investigates how international public administrations, as corporate actors, influence policymaking within international organizations. Starting from a conception of international organizations as political-administrative systems, we theorize the strategies international bureaucrats may use to affect international organizations’ policies and the conditions under which these strategies vary. Building on a most-likely case design, we use process tracing to study two cases of bureaucratic influence: the influence of the secretariat of the World Health Organization on the “Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases”; and the influence of the International Labour Office on the “Resolution concerning decent work in global supply chains”. We use interview material gathered from international public administration staff and stakeholders to illustrate varying influence strategies and the conditions under which these strategies are used. The study shows how and when international public administrations exert policy influence, and offers new opportunities to extend the generalizability of public administration theories.

  • (2021): Party cues and incumbent assessments under multilevel governance Electoral Studies. Elsevier. 2021, 69, 102260. ISSN 0261-3794. eISSN 1873-6890. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2020.102260

    Party cues and incumbent assessments under multilevel governance

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    Politicians' party membership allows voters to overcome incomplete information issues. In this article, we maintain that such ‘party cues’ in multilevel governance structures also induce voters to incorporate their assessment of incumbents at one level of government into their assessment of incumbents at other levels of government. Moreover, we argue that these assessment ‘spillovers’ increase in magnitude with voters' level of political information. They become particularly prominent for voters with higher levels of political knowledge and interest as well as during election periods (when information is less costly and more readily available). Empirical analyses using survey data from Germany covering the period 1990 to 2018 corroborate our theoretical propositions.

  • Jordan, Andrew; Gravey, Viviane (Hrsg.) (2021): Policy implementation JORDAN, Andrew, ed., Viviane GRAVEY, ed.. Environmental Policy in the EU : Actors, Institutions and Processes. London: Routledge, 2021, pp. 220-240. ISBN 978-1-138-39216-8. Available under: doi: 10.4324/9780429402333-16

    Policy implementation

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    The EU policy-making process does not end with the finalisation and adoption of EU legislation. In order to have a measurable impact on environmental quality, EU policies must also be implemented by member states, businesses and civil society. However, implementation remains the ‘Achilles heel’ of EU policy, contributing to the maintenance of diverse environmental outcomes on the ground in the member states. Thus, while some member states fail to comply with EU environmental rules, others implement more ambitious policies than the EU formally requires. The EU has been and remains active in seeking to remedy implementation problems. Follow-up enforcement by EU institutions is generally effective, but it is often very slow. Nonetheless, non-compliance with EU environmental law remains a problem and causes considerable health-related and environmental costs. In tackling it, member state capacity, domestic politics and civil society play an important role.

  • (2021): Behavioural governance in the policy process : introduction to the special issue Journal of European Public Policy. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. 2021, 28(5), pp. 633-657. ISSN 1350-1763. eISSN 1466-4429. Available under: doi: 10.1080/13501763.2021.1912153

    Behavioural governance in the policy process : introduction to the special issue

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    Research adopting an interdisciplinary, behavioural perspective on Public Policy and Public Administration is booming. Yet there has been little integration into mainstream public policy scholarship. Behavioural public administration (BPA) and behavioural public policy (BPP) have emerged largely as two disconnected subfields. We propose the overarching term ‘behavioural governance’ to refer to the cognitive and decision processes through which decision-makers, implementing actors and target populations shape and react to public policies and to each other, as well as the impacts of these processes on individual and group behaviour. To allow an integrative perspective, this introductory essay discusses how a behavioural perspective can deepen understanding of different phases of the policy process. We connect insights from a long established public policy and administration scholarship which has not always been self-defined as ‘behavioural’ with more recent studies adopting a more explicitly behavioural perspective, including those in this Special Issue from varied national contexts.

  • (2021): Capitalists against financialization : the battle over German pension funds Competition & Change. Sage Publishing. 2021, 25(3-4), pp. 428-452. ISSN 1024-5294. eISSN 1477-2221. Available under: doi: 10.1177/1024529421993005

    Capitalists against financialization : the battle over German pension funds

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    Despite renewed interest in the role of business in shaping the welfare state, we still know little about how factions of capital adapt their strategies and translate these into political infighting and coalition building. Based on a detailed process tracing analysis of the political battle over German pension funds, this paper shows that cleavages within business do not necessarily run along the lines of finance vs. non-finance. While ‘financial challengers’ (banks and investment companies) advocated financialized pension funds, ‘financial incumbents’ (insurers) defended a conservative understanding of old age provision. Tremendous political momentum towards financialization notwithstanding, challengers remained largely unsuccessful. Incumbents elicited support from the wider business community by adjusting their strategic goals and engaging in discursive reformulations to effectively fight pension financialization from within capital. To accommodate such competition politics and coalition building, the paper argues for a more dynamic understanding of business strategizing and highlights the importance of discursive political strategies. It shows that some capitalists may act as antagonists of elements of financialization and problematizes the actual mechanisms of coalition building through which business plurality affects political outcomes.

  • (2021): Agile Kompetenzen für die Digitalisierung der Verwaltung Innovative Verwaltung. Springer Gabler. 2021(10), pp. 28-31. ISSN 1431-9985. eISSN 2192-9068

    Agile Kompetenzen für die Digitalisierung der Verwaltung

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    Die Digitalisierung der OZG-Leistungen in den Digitallaboren zeigt einen Bedarf an neuen technologischen sowie überfachlichen Kompetenzen auf. Die Aneignung passiert vor allem in diesem Experimentierfeld. Der Beitrag identifiziert die notwendigen Digitalkompetenzen und macht Vorschläge zur Aufnahme in die Routinen der öffentlichen Verwaltung.

  • Adebanwi, Wale; Orock, Rogers (Hrsg.) (2021): Elites and Political Representation in Africa : Members of Parliament in Ghana and Togo ADEBANWI, Wale, ed., Rogers OROCK, ed.. Elites and the Politics of Accountability in Africa. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2021, pp. 85-111. ISBN 978-0-472-07481-5. Available under: doi: 10.3998/mpub.11628987

    Elites and Political Representation in Africa : Members of Parliament in Ghana and Togo

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    dc.contributor.author: Osei, Anja

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